Book Title: Advanced Studies in Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation (ASMRI)
Chief Editors: Dr. Jagdish Kumar Sahu and Dr. Krishna Ashutoshbhai Vyas
Associate Editors: Dr. N. Ramesh Chandra Srikanth and Dr. Lourdu Vesna J
Co-Editors: Dr. Aarti Sharma and Dr. Pushpa Mamoria
ISBN: 978-93-7183-010-2
Chapter: 23
DOI: https://doi.org/10.59646/745/23
Authors: Dr. Vivek S. Ayar, and Dr. Sunny Singhania
Abstract
As part of the worldwide transition to a carbon neutral world, carbon capture technology has become an urgent engineering solution to combat climate change. In the global effort to reach the objective of net-zero emissions, carbon capture technologies have emerged as a pressing engineering solution to address the climate change challenge. In this research paper, the role engineered carbon capture systems (CCS) play in CO₂ reduction from the atmosphere is discussed, highlighting suitable technological solutions, comparative efficiency, scalability, and industrial applicability in various sectors. It is a mixed-method study, combining the quantitative performance data from existing CCS facilities with the qualitative information obtained from technical reports, policy documents and expert assessments of climate engineering. The results show that the effectiveness and integration of carbon capture technologies are variable, with more successful integration in large-scale industrial facilities and in energy-intensive sectors, which are more likely to be subject to regulatory pressure and have more financial viability, and less in smaller industrial facilities, where other factors such as high operational costs and energy penalties make integration more difficult and energy infrastructure is less ready. However, there is measurable potential to lower emissions with the integration of carbon capture systems, such as post-combustion capture, direct air capture (DAC) and pre-combustion capture, with storage and utilization pathways, despite these challenges. Moreover, availability of energy source, technological readiness and policy measures like carbon pricing and tax credit will affect the effectiveness of these systems. The study also identifies critical engineering and policy measures that must be further developed to improve adoption rates, such as improvements in solvent efficiency, membrane technology, modular system design and expanded carbon transport and storage facilities. The study shows that whilst carbon capture is not sole solution, it is a significant complementary measure to supporting net-zero targets when combined with renewable energy transition strategies. Comparative analysis offers insights into policies, engineers and environmental stakeholders looking for the best way to deploy carbon capture, and integrate it into sustainable industrial ecosystems. The results add to the broader climate engineering arena by providing empirical views of the scalability and future prospects of CCTs in climate decarbonization strategies.
Keywords: Carbon capture, Net-zero emissions, Climate engineering, CO₂ reduction, Direct air capture, Carbon storage, Industrial decarbonization, Emissions mitigation, Sustainable technology, Carbon management