Title: AI, Innovation and Global Transformation: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Technology, Business and Society
Editors: Dr. J. Preetha, and Dr. Siddhartha Mehrotra
ISBN: 978-81-69857-64-2
Chapter: 13
DOI: https://doi.org/10.59646/809/13
Author: Dr. Sivasankaran Ayyaru
Abstract
High-performance semipermeable membranes represent the core functional component in advanced molecular separation and electrochemical energy conversion systems. In proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and precision filtration processes, the transport kinetics of protons and molecular solutes are dictated by the underlying nanoscale morphology and chemical architecture of the polymer matrix. This chapter examines state-of-the-art membrane materials, contrasting perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) ionomers, sulfonated aromatic hydrocarbon polymers, acid-doped polybenzimidazoles (PBI), and organic-inorganic nanocomposites. Mathematical frameworks governing ion exchange capacity, water uptake, dimensional swelling, and Arrhenius-type proton transport mechanisms are formulated. Experimental and comparative results evaluate electrochemical impedance, mechanical robustness, and fuel crossover under variable hydrothermal conditions. By systematically analyzing the trade-offs among ionic conductivity, chemical stability, and operational longevity, this chapter provides design principles for developing durable, high-efficiency membrane systems for clean energy generation and sustainable water purification.
Keywords: Proton Exchange Membranes, Perfluorosulfonic Acid, Ion Exchange Capacity, Proton Conductivity, Nanocomposite Membranes, Fuel Cell Technologies