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Identification and Detection of Microbial Infections

Book Title: Molecular Diagnostics and Genomic Medicine: Transforming Healthcare with AI

Editors: Dr. Alok Kumar Srivastav, Dr. Priyanka Das, Dr. Babasaheb Ghodke, and Dr. Nikita Pathak

Chapter: 4

DOI: https://doi.org/10.59646/978-81-69297-97-4_4

Authors: Nikita Pathak, Alok Kumar Srivastav, Priyanka Das, Babasaheb Ghodke

Abstract

Molecular diagnostics has transformed the detection and identification of microbial diseases by enabling rapid, sensitive, and specific pathogen analysis beyond traditional culture-based limitations. This chapter examines advanced approaches for identifying slow-growing and non-culturable organisms using nucleic acid amplification techniques such as PCR and isothermal methods. It highlights the role of genotypic markers, including rRNA genes and protein-coding sequences, in precise pathogen identification and epidemiological tracking. The detection of antimicrobial resistance genes is emphasized as critical for guiding effective treatment and supporting antimicrobial stewardship. Multiplex diagnostic platforms are explored for their ability to simultaneously identify multiple pathogens, improving clinical decision-making and efficiency. Additionally, point-of-care molecular diagnostics are discussed for their role in delivering rapid, decentralized testing. Together, these technologies enhance infectious disease diagnosis, treatment optimization, and global health outcomes.

Keywords: Molecular diagnostics, Microbial detection, Antimicrobial resistance, Multiplex PCR, Genotypic markers, Point-of-care testing.

References

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