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Microbial Diagnostics Techniques

Book Title: Molecular Diagnostics and Genomic Medicine: Transforming Healthcare with AI

Editors: Dr. Alok Kumar Srivastav, Dr. Priyanka Das, Dr. Babasaheb Ghodke, and Dr. Nikita Pathak

Chapter: 8

DOI: https://doi.org/10.59646/978-81-69297-97-4_8

Authors: Priyanka Das, Alok Kumar Srivastav, Babasaheb Ghodke, Nikita Pathak

Abstract

Microbial diagnostic techniques have evolved from traditional culture-based methods to advanced molecular, immunological, and automated approaches that enable rapid and accurate pathogen identification. The chapter explores automation in microbiology, including systems such as MALDI-TOF and integrated laboratory platforms that enhance efficiency, standardization, and diagnostic precision. Rapid diagnostic methods, particularly PCR, multiplex assays, and isothermal amplification techniques, are highlighted for their ability to reduce turnaround time and improve clinical decision-making. The purification and standardization of microbial antigens and antibodies are examined as critical components for reliable immunodiagnostic performance. Various immunodiagnostic assays, including ELISA, lateral flow tests, and chemiluminescent methods, are discussed for their sensitivity and versatility. Additionally, immunofluorescence techniques provide visual and quantitative insights into pathogen detection. Collectively, these integrated technologies improve diagnostic accuracy, support antimicrobial stewardship, and enhance patient outcomes.

Keywords: Microbial diagnostics, PCR, Immunodiagnostics, Automation, Antigen purification, Immunofluorescence.

References

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