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Support Mechanisms for Students with Special Needs a Comprehensive Review

Book Title: Transformative Approaches in Multidisciplinary Research (TAMR)

Chief Editors: Dr. Meenakshi Kujur, and Dr. Hamidun Bunawan

Associate Editors: Mr. Gunjit Singhal, and Dr. Asma Farooque

Co-Editors: Dr. Suresh Kamarapu, and Dr. Souvik Sur

Chapter: 16

DOI: https://doi.org/10.59646/672/16

Author: M. Ramya

Abstract

Inclusive education has occurred as a fundamental approach to ensure equal learning opportunities for all students, particularly those with special educational needs. Students with disabilities, learning difficulties, behavioural disorders, and developmental challenges require structured academic, social, psychological, and technological support to succeed in educational settings. This review article combines evidence from 50 scholarly review studies and foundational sources related to support mechanisms for students with special needs. Major themes include differentiated instruction, Universal Design for Learning (UDL), individualized education plans (IEPs), assistive technologies, co-teaching models, peer support systems, family-school collaboration, and teacher preparedness. The review indicates that comprehensive support mechanisms significantly improve academic achievement, classroom participation, emotional well-being, and social inclusion. Even though these benefits, barriers such as insufficient teacher training, limited resources, and inconsistent policy implementation continue to affect inclusive practices. The article concludes with recommendations for strengthening support systems in educational institutions.

Keywords: Inclusive Education, Special Needs, Differentiated Instruction, UDL, IEP, Assistive Technology, Support Mechanisms, Disabilties.

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