Book Title: International Business Strategies: A Comprehensive Guide for Global Leaders
Editors: Dr. Uzma Tanveer Momin and Dr. Priyanshu Kumar Singh
ISBN: 978-81-991591-5-0
Chapter: 19
DOI: https://doi.org/10.59646/ibs19/441
Author: Dr. Subita Bhagat
Abstract
Government policies, trade agreements, and economic blocs profoundly influence how multinational corporations (MNCs) design and execute global strategies. These external factors determine market accessibility, investment incentives, regulatory compliance, and competitive positioning. This chapter examines how firms navigate government-imposed trade barriers, benefit from bilateral and multilateral agreements, and adapt to regional economic integrations like the European Union, NAFTA/USMCA, ASEAN, and MERCOSUR. It also explores the impact of protectionist policies, industrial subsidies, tariffs, and geopolitical tensions on corporate strategy. Using real-world examples, the chapter highlights how proactive engagement with policy environments, legal compliance, and strategic lobbying can serve as competitive advantages. Ultimately, the interplay between public governance and private enterprise shapes the dynamics of international trade and investment in the 21st century.
References
- Baldwin, R. (2016). The Great Convergence: Information Technology and the New Globalization. Harvard University Press.
- Bhagwati, J. (2008). Termites in the Trading System: How Preferential Agreements Undermine Free Trade. Oxford University Press.
- European Commission. (2022). EU Trade Policy Review. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/trade
- Hill, C. W. L. (2023). International Business: Competing in the Global Marketplace (13th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.